Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are a diverse group of organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature, leading to significant evaporation and release into the atmosphere. They are emitted from both natural sources, such as vegetation and wildfires, and anthropogenic sources, including industrial processes, vehicle exhaust, and consumer products like paints, solvents, and cleaning agents. The presence of VOCs in the atmosphere is a growing concern due to their role in the formation of ground-level ozone and particulate matter, both of which are key components of smog and contribute to air pollution. Understanding the occurrence and health effects of VOCs is crucial for developing effective air quality management strategies and protecting public health.

Here is a table listing 65 VOCs, their occurrence, and their health effects:

The pervasive presence of VOCs in the atmosphere, arising from various natural and human activities, poses significant environmental and health challenges. VOCs contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosols, exacerbating air pollution and impacting climate change. The health effects of VOC exposure range from respiratory irritation and headaches to more severe outcomes like liver and kidney damage, central nervous system effects, and even cancer. Mitigating the impact of VOCs requires stringent regulatory measures, advancements in emission control technologies, and public awareness to reduce emissions from industrial processes, transportation, and everyday consumer products. By addressing these challenges, we can improve air quality and safeguard public health.